{"id":12604,"date":"2019-01-14T16:30:30","date_gmt":"2019-01-14T16:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ec.kuusi.ovh\/?p=12604"},"modified":"2019-03-03T17:10:45","modified_gmt":"2019-03-03T17:10:45","slug":"quand-une-vision-guide-la-transformation-comment-la-strategie-de-suffisance-de-munster-a-depasse-3-defis-universels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/quand-une-vision-guide-la-transformation-comment-la-strategie-de-suffisance-de-munster-a-depasse-3-defis-universels\/","title":{"rendered":"QUAND UNE VISION GUIDE LA TRANSFORMATION – COMMENT LA STRAT\u00c9GIE DE SUFFISANCE DE MUNSTER A D\u00c9PASS\u00c9 3 D\u00c9FIS UNIVERSELS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La ville de M\u00fcnster s\u2019est fix\u00e9e des objectifs ambitieux pour 2050\u00a0: \u00eatre presque climatiquement neutre tout en r\u00e9duisant sa consommation finale d\u2019\u00e9nergie de 50% et ses \u00e9missions de GES de 95% par rapport \u00e0 1990.
Mais comment faire\u00a0?\u00a0
C\u2019est le c\u0153ur du probl\u00e8me pour M\u00fcnster et toutes les villes progressistes.<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Vous ne pouvez pas obliger les gens \u00e0 changer compl\u00e8tement leur habitudes en mati\u00e8re de consommations que ce soit au niveau individuel, \u00e0 la maison ou au travail.<\/li>
  2. Augmenter l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique ne suffit pas \u00e0 elle seuls \u00e0 cr\u00e9er les changements n\u00e9cessaires dans le logement, la consommation d\u2019\u00e9nergies des appareils \u00e9lectrom\u00e9nagers, les transports, sans parler des d\u00e9chets solides, de la nourriture et de l\u2019eau.<\/li>
  3. M\u00eame s\u2019il \u00e9tait possible d\u2019accro\u00eetre suffisamment l\u2019efficacit\u00e9, il y a un risque que les comportements changent pour annuler ces \u00e9conomies. Par exemple, le passage aux LED, qui sont beaucoup plus efficaces que les autres ampoules, s\u2019est accompagn\u00e9 d\u2019une augmentation consid\u00e9rable du nombre de luminaires, ce qui a permis de compenser une grande partie des \u00e9conomies de carbone. (\u00e9pater vos amis en \u00e9voquant le paradoxe de Jevons<\/a>)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    La r\u00e9ponse courte est la suffisance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    La r\u00e9ponse la plus longue est qu\u2019au cours du processus d\u2019\u00e9laboration de sa feuille de route, la ville de M\u00fcnster s\u2019est rendu compte que l\u2019augmentation du potentiel de suffisance \u00e9tait la cl\u00e9 pour d\u00e9bloquer les \u00e9conomies n\u00e9cessaires. Pour accro\u00eetre la suffisance, elle a besoin d\u2019une approche syst\u00e9matique pour changer les comportements dans le cadre de sa politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. M\u00fcnster a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 toute une strat\u00e9gie pour initier ce processus de transformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Pourquoi la suffisance est importante<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    La suffisance est compl\u00e9mentaire \u00e0 la coh\u00e9rence et \u00e0 l\u2019efficacit\u00e9. Alors que l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 nous permet de bien faire les choses (\u00e9conomiser de l\u2019\u00e9nergie avec des technologies et appareils efficaces), la suffisance nous rend capable de bien faire les choses. Par exemple, les voitures efficaces n\u2019\u00e9conomisent de l\u2019\u00e9nergie que si les automobilistes ne conduisent pas plus souvent ou vite qu\u2019auparavant ou n\u2019ach\u00e8tent m\u00eame pas de grosses voitures, ce qui entra\u00eenerait un effet de rebond. La d\u00e9cision de ne pas acheter une voiture plus grande ou de ne pas l\u2019utiliser plus souvent, mais plut\u00f4t de s\u2019interroger sur son utilisation en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, serait fond\u00e9e sur la suffisance ou un mode de vie suffisant. Alors que l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique signifie utiliser les services requis mais avec moins d\u2019\u00e9nergie, la suffisance conduit \u00e0 l\u2019id\u00e9e que le service en tant que tel n\u2019est pas ad\u00e9quat et \u00e9vite ainsi l\u2019effet de rebond.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

    Une strat\u00e9gie pour une prise de d\u00e9cision durable<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Un grand nombre de citoyens a particip\u00e9 aux ateliers, discussions, entretiens et consultations pour aider \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper la strat\u00e9gie. Cet \u00e9change ouvert et coop\u00e9ratif sera \u00e9galement la base pour la mise en \u0153uvre et la collaboration de la strat\u00e9gie.
    Le r\u00e9sultat est qu\u2019au lieu de consid\u00e9rer la suffisance comme un sacrifice, la strat\u00e9gie de M\u00fcnster consid\u00e8re que c\u2019est un bon \u00e9quilibre entre l\u2019\u00e9nergie et l\u2019utilisation des ressources selon la feuille de route 2050. Il permet d\u2019assurer que les changements de comportements et les habitudes de consommation sont align\u00e9s avec les objectifs de la feuille de route. En tant que tel, il s\u2019agit d\u2019un principe directeur pour la prise de d\u00e9cisions durables en mati\u00e8re de protection du climat et des ressources, ciblant le d\u00e9cideur, de l\u2019individu au niveau institutionnel.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    La suffisance comme pilier de la ville climatiquement neutre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Alors qu\u2019il devient de plus en plus clair que sans un potentiel suffisant, aucune strat\u00e9gie climatique ne sera enti\u00e8rement couronn\u00e9e de succ\u00e8s, la recherche sur le sujet se d\u00e9veloppe<\/a>et les d\u00e9finitions de la suffisance divergent. Au lieu de voir la suffisance en termes de d\u00e9cisions et de comportements, le Conseil europ\u00e9en pour une \u00e9conomie \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiquement efficace d\u00e9finit la suffisance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique comme \u00a0\u00bb un \u00e9tat ou un objectif global et comme un principe d\u2019organisation pour des politiques qui peuvent aller au-del\u00e0 des domaines traditionnels de la politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/a> \u00ab\u00a0. Il est donc ind\u00e9niable que le moment est venu de favoriser un d\u00e9bat politique plus large sur la suffisance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    D\u00e9couvrez les visions de 4 autres villes europ\u00e9ennes dans notre publications \u00ab\u00a0Local energy & climate roadmaps : 5 city visions for 2050<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00bb (uniquement en anglais pour le moment)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    La ville de M\u00fcnster s\u2019est fix\u00e9e des objectifs ambitieux pour 2050\u00a0: \u00eatre presque climatiquement neutre tout en r\u00e9duisant sa consommation finale d\u2019\u00e9nergie de 50% et [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":17981,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[514],"hub":[],"topic":[22,110],"legislative_initiative":[],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Beatrice Karas","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/b-karas\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/electricity-1-2-300x80.jpg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/electricity-1-2.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Beatrice 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