{"id":22496,"date":"2019-07-09T09:36:00","date_gmt":"2019-07-09T07:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/whats-eup-showing-sharing-shaking\/"},"modified":"2019-07-09T11:03:35","modified_gmt":"2019-07-09T09:03:35","slug":"whats-eup-showing-sharing-shaking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/whats-eup-showing-sharing-shaking\/","title":{"rendered":"Quoi de nEUf ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Comment les villes peuvent-elle atteindre la neutralit\u00e9 climatique ? Et quel r\u00f4le peut jouer l\u2019UE dans ce processus?
<\/strong>
Pour leur avenir \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, les membres d\u2019Energy Cities ont choisi de mettre r\u00e9solument le cap sur les \u00ab 3D \u00bb : D\u00e9centralisation, D\u00e9mocratisation et D\u00e9sinvestissement. La voie est en partie trac\u00e9e par la l\u00e9gislation europ\u00e9enne, notamment gr\u00e2ce aux dispositions ambitieuses sur la gouvernance de l\u2019\u00e9nergie et l\u2019\u00e9nergie citoyenne. Mais bien que l\u2019objectif \u00e0 atteindre reste primordial, il est de plus en plus urgent de se pr\u00e9occuper de la mani\u00e8re d\u2019y parvenir. Les 5 prochaines ann\u00e9es seront cruciales en la mati\u00e8re, c\u2019est pourquoi nous avons identifi\u00e9 les principales r\u00e9formes qu\u2019il reste \u00e0 apporter aux politiques europ\u00e9ennes.

Ce qui nous am\u00e8ne un peu plus loin dans l\u2019alphabet avec les \u00ab 3 S \u00bb : Showing, Sharing et Shaking.  Faciles \u00e0 retenir, ces trois processus conditionnent la capacit\u00e9 des villes \u00e0 atteindre les 3 D. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

SHOWING<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Commen\u00e7ons par le premier. \u00ab Montrer \u00bb peut sembler un peu passif mais il n\u2019en est rien. Etant donn\u00e9 que les sc\u00e9narios \u00e9tablis aux niveaux europ\u00e9en et national pour 2050 peinent \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre le r\u00f4le des solutions d\u00e9centralis\u00e9es dans le domaine de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, montrer le potentiel que repr\u00e9sente l\u2019ensemble des ressources locales des villes et des r\u00e9gions n\u2019a rien d\u2019anecdotique. Dans le contexte actuel, un nombre toujours plus grand de villes ont compris la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de d\u00e9velopper des instruments permettant d\u2019\u00e9tablir une cartographie du potentiel de leurs ressources en g\u00e9othermie et chaleur r\u00e9siduelle par exemple, ou encore de recenser le nombre de foyers, entreprises, b\u00e2timents publics qui pourraient \u00eatre aliment\u00e9s en \u00e9lectricit\u00e9 d\u2019origine solaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le mois dernier par\nexemple, \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la journ\u00e9e mondiale du soleil,\nl\u2019agence de l\u2019\u00e9nergie de Lisbonne a lanc\u00e9 SOLIS<\/a>, une plateforme permettant\naux citoyens de collecter et mettre \u00e0 disposition des informations sur le\npotentiel solaire de la ville. Lisbonne a pour objectif d\u2019atteindre une\npuissance install\u00e9e de 103 MW d\u2019ici 2030 et SOLIS vise \u00e0 devenir la pierre\nangulaire de cette strat\u00e9gie. Mais \u00ab montrer \u00bb implique \u00e9galement de concevoir\nla transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique comme un exercice d\u00e9mocratique qui n\u00e9cessite de faire\npreuve de transparence et de rendre compte de l\u2019utilisation des investissements\npublics. C\u2019est pourquoi de plus en plus de villes cherchent \u00e0 rendre\nleur budgets municipaux \u00ab climato-compatibles \u00bb<\/a> tandis que\nd\u2019autres, comme la Ville de Paris, mettent en place des  budgets\nparticipatifs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devoir pour le prochain Parlement \/ la nouvelle Commission :
<\/strong> – Pr\u00e9parer une nouvelle version de l\u2019Etat de l\u2019Union de l\u2019\u00e9nergie qui int\u00e8gre pleinement le potentiel local
– Veiller \u00e0 ce que les signataires de la Convention des Maires puissent contribuer directement \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation europ\u00e9enne <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

SHARING<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Partager \u00bb le syst\u00e8me\n\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique peut vouloir dire beaucoup de choses. Tout d\u2019abord, les villes ont\nd\u00e9sormais pour habitude de partager la responsabilit\u00e9 de la planification\n\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u00e0 long terme avec les citoyens, ce qui est maintenant une\nobligation pour les Etats membres  au\ntravers des Plans nationaux en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9nergie et de climat.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un nombre croissant de\ncollectivit\u00e9s locales partagent \u00e9galement les investissements dans le domaine\n\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique avec leurs citoyens, un\nmod\u00e8le de coop\u00e9ration qui devrait se trouver renforc\u00e9 avec la mise en place des\nnouvelles dispositions de la l\u00e9gislation europ\u00e9enne sur l\u2019\u00e9nergie citoyenne<\/a>.\nEt pour les citoyens qui n\u2019ont pas les moyens d\u2019investir, les villes font\npreuve d\u2019imagination et inventent des moyens de les aider \u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier\nindirectement de ces investissements. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enfin, les partenariats\nentre zones urbaines et territoires ruraux sont \u00e9galement essentiel. De plus en\nplus de villes prennent l\u2019engagement de produire localement des \u00e9nergies\nrenouvelables mais la capacit\u00e9 de production des centres urbains \u00e0 forte\ndensit\u00e9 de population est souvent limit\u00e9e. La ville de Vaxjo en Su\u00e8de, par exemple,\ncoop\u00e8re avec la R\u00e9gion, d\u2019autres municipalit\u00e9s et l\u2019universit\u00e9 locale pour\ncr\u00e9er une bio\u00e9conomie qui permette de fournir de l\u2019\u00e9nergie produite localement\ntout en cr\u00e9ant de nouvelles comp\u00e9tences et des emplois dans la r\u00e9gion. Les\nvilles comptent de plus en plus sur ces nouvelles pratiques de gouvernance pour\nexploiter pleinement leur \u00ab capital naturel \u00bb et leur patrimoine. Et un nombre\ncroissant d\u2019entre elles cherchent  \u00e0 raccourcir les circuits de\ndistribution et approvisionnement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en cr\u00e9ant des alliances avec des\nagriculteurs et les territoires ruraux environnants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devoir pour le nouveau Parlement \/ le nouvelle Commission :
<\/strong> – Soutenir les partenariats locaux en mati\u00e8re de distribution \/ production d\u2019\u00e9nergie et d\u2019alimentation \u00e0 travers le Fonds europ\u00e9en agricole pour le d\u00e9veloppement rural
– Soutenir les \u00e9changes de bonnes pratiques sur les nouveaux mod\u00e8les \u00e9conomiques autour de la r\u00e9appropriation de l\u2019\u00e9nergie au niveau local. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SHAKING <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Il est impressionnant de voir comment les villes font de plus en plus bouger les lignes des politiques \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques traditionnelles, par exemple en d\u00e9cloisonnant les secteurs \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques et en int\u00e9grant et optimisant l\u2019ensemble des flux \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques au niveau local. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elles font \u00e9galement\nbouger les lignes en remettant en cause le fonctionnement habituel des\nadministrations publiques. C\u2019est ce qui est arriv\u00e9 par exemple lorsque la ville\nespagnole de Pampelune a lanc\u00e9 l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019une entreprise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique locale afin\nde passer du statut de consommateur \u00e0 celui de producteur d\u2019\u00e9nergie et se\ndonner ainsi les moyens de lutter contre la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique locale. Le\nprojet a d\u2019abord \u00e9t\u00e9 froidement accueilli par certains services municipaux, qui\nconsid\u00e9raient que cela n\u2019\u00e9tait pas du ressort de la ville. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Changer les mentalit\u00e9s des\n\u00e9quipes charg\u00e9es des affaires \u00e9conomiques et financi\u00e8res repr\u00e9sente \u00e9galement\nune t\u00e2che hercul\u00e9enne pour les nombreuses villes qui essaient d\u2019int\u00e9grer de\n\u201cverdir\u201d leurs budgets municipaux. Tant du point de vue juridique que\ntechnique  et \u00e9conomique, les villes qui s\u2019aventurent sur ces nouveaux\nterrains devront disposer des ressources et capacit\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires afin\nd\u2019assumer leurs nouvelles responsabilit\u00e9s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devoir pour le nouveau Parlement \/ la nouvelle Commission :
<\/strong>– Revoir le budget de l\u2019UE et le Semestre europ\u00e9en afin d\u2019int\u00e9grer la question du climat dans toutes les politiques \u00e9conomiques, fiscales et budg\u00e9taires.
– Des lignes sp\u00e9cifiques doivent \u00eatre allou\u00e9es dans les budgets europ\u00e9ens afin de d\u00e9velopper les capacit\u00e9s juridiques, \u00e9conomiques et techniques des collectivit\u00e9s locales et transformer en projets concrets les nouvelles dispositions europ\u00e9ennes  sur les communaut\u00e9s \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

Localement v\u00f4tre,

Alix <\/strong>

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Comment les villes peuvent-elle atteindre la neutralit\u00e9 climatique ? Et quel r\u00f4le peut jouer l\u2019UE dans ce processus? Pour leur avenir \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, les membres d\u2019Energy [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":22456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[91],"tags":[],"hub":[310,308],"topic":[108],"legislative_initiative":[177,180],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Alix Bolle","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/a-bolle\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/markus-spiske-wIUxLHndcLw-unsplash-300x142.jpg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/markus-spiske-wIUxLHndcLw-unsplash.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Alix Bolle","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/a-bolle\/"},"yoast_head":"\nQuoi de nEUf ? - Energy Cities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/whats-eup-showing-sharing-shaking\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quoi de nEUf ? - Energy Cities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Comment les villes peuvent-elle atteindre la neutralit\u00e9 climatique ? 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