{"id":33733,"date":"2020-10-02T15:25:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-02T13:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/europes-new-2030-target\/"},"modified":"2020-10-13T10:49:19","modified_gmt":"2020-10-13T08:49:19","slug":"nouvel-objectif-eu-2030","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/nouvel-objectif-eu-2030\/","title":{"rendered":"Le nouvel objectif de l\u2019UE pour 2030"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La Commission europ\u00e9enne a formellement propos\u00e9<\/a> de r\u00e9duire de 55 % les \u00e9missions de GES d\u2019ici 2030, un progr\u00e8s substantiel par rapport au pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent objectif de 40 %. Bien qu\u2019il n\u2019ait pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 approuv\u00e9 par le Parlement europ\u00e9en ni par le Conseil, ce nouvel objectif a toutes les chances d\u2019\u00eatre retenu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Mais au-del\u00e0 des chiffres, le plus int\u00e9ressant reste l\u2019analyse d\u2019impact (en deux parties, Partie 1<\/a> et Partie 2<\/a> – attention, elles font plusieurs centaines de pages !) et le plan mis en avant pour atteindre cet ambitieux objectif. Concr\u00e8tement, qu\u2019est-ce que cela implique pour les villes ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9nergie <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un s\u00e9rieux coup de pouce pour les \u00e9nergies renouvelables  –<\/strong> Le plan propose de doubler la capacit\u00e9 de production des \u00e9nergies renouvelables, de 32 % aujourd’hui \u00e0 65 % d’ici 2030. Il y a l\u00e0 une opportunit\u00e9 \u00e0 saisir pour l\u2019\u00e9nergie citoyenne de satisfaire une partie de ces besoins  au cours des dix prochaines ann\u00e9es. Une opportunit\u00e9 que devra prendre en compte la r\u00e9vision de la directive sur les \u00e9nergies renouvelables pr\u00e9vue en juin 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plus d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u2013 <\/strong>R\u00e9duction de 36 \u00e0 37 % de la consommation d’\u00e9nergie finale (\u00e9nergie totale consomm\u00e9e par les utilisateurs finaux) et r\u00e9duction de 39 \u00e0 41 % de la consommation d’\u00e9nergie primaire (\u00e9nergie totale utilis\u00e9e pour r\u00e9pondre aux besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques finaux, par exemple le gaz utilis\u00e9 pour produire de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9). Actuellement, la directive sur l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pr\u00e9voit une baisse de 32,5 % d’ici 2030, elle sera donc elle aussi r\u00e9vis\u00e9e d’ici juin 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le charbon fait ses adieux mais le gaz r\u00e9siste \u2013 <\/strong>Le charbon sera en grande partie supprim\u00e9 en 2030, sa part devant alors avoir diminu\u00e9 de 70 % par rapport \u00e0 2015, tandis que le p\u00e9trole et le gaz enregistreront une baisse plus modeste de – 30 % et – 25 % respectivement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans le secteur du b\u00e2timent et du chauffage <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La vague de r\u00e9novation (attendue le 14 octobre) \u2013 <\/strong>Elle entend cibler les b\u00e2timents individuels et adopter une approche \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du quartier afin d\u2019accro\u00eetre la performance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et le transfert vers des sources de chaleur renouvelables. Il est ainsi envisag\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9tablir \u00ab des exigences obligatoires pour les b\u00e2timents les moins performants et de durcir progressivement les exigences minimales en mati\u00e8re de performance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u00bb  <\/strong>mais il n\u2019est pas pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 par qui ni comment ces exigences minimales seront appliqu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le chauffage est mis en avant <\/strong>\u2013 La Commission europ\u00e9enne appelle \u00e0 mettre davantage l\u2019accent sur les solutions locales de chauffage et de refroidissement qui associent chaleur fatale et \u00e9nergies renouvelables  et mentionne sp\u00e9cifiquement  \u00ab les syst\u00e8mes modernes de chauffage urbain \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature \u00bb. <\/strong>Les membres d\u2019Energy Cities ont une grande exp\u00e9rience dans ce domaine et sont bien plac\u00e9s pour tirer parti de l\u2019importance donn\u00e9e \u00e0 ce secteur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aller plus vite vers une mobilit\u00e9 plus propre  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Voitures \u00e0 \u00e9missions nulles <\/strong> \u2013 Il n\u2019est pas propos\u00e9 explicitement d\u2019\u00e9liminer progressivement les v\u00e9hicules \u00e0 carburant fossile, mais il est pr\u00e9vu, d\u2019ici \u00e0 2030, de r\u00e9duire de 50 % les \u00e9missions par kilom\u00e8tre pour les voitures particuli\u00e8res par rapport \u00e0 2021. Cela va n\u00e9cessiter un nombre important de v\u00e9hicules \u00e0 \u00e9missions nulles ainsi que de r\u00e9duire la taille globale du parc automobile gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des  \u00ab services de transport collectifs durables \u00bb.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Principaux points de la proposition de la Commission europ\u00e9enne sur les objectifs d’\u00e9missions pour 2030 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Puits de carbone et partage des co\u00fbts <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Redistribuer les recettes \u2013 <\/strong>Une des propositions consiste \u00e0 utiliser les recettes des ench\u00e8res du syst\u00e8me communautaire d’\u00e9change de quotas d’\u00e9mission (SEQE -UE) pour lutter contre la pauvret\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et aider les m\u00e9nages les plus pauvres \u00e0 investir dans des technologies plus propres, cr\u00e9ant ainsi un cercle vertueux. Il est \u00e9galement propos\u00e9 d’\u00e9tendre le SEQE-UE \u00e0 l’ensemble des b\u00e2timents et des transports. C’est une question tr\u00e8s controvers\u00e9e que nous suivrons de pr\u00e8s et il n’est pas certain que cela soit efficace dans l’un ou l’autre de ces secteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Utiliser les terres –  <\/strong>La Commission europ\u00e9enne esp\u00e8re que l’am\u00e9lioration de la gestion des for\u00eats et la restauration des zones humides, tourbi\u00e8res et terres d\u00e9grad\u00e9es, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la strat\u00e9gie en faveur de la biodiversit\u00e9, auront un impact majeur sur les \u00e9missions globales et sur la r\u00e9alisation de l\u2019objectif de z\u00e9ro \u00e9mission nette en 2050, car il est \u00e9vident que ce type de changement dans l\u2019affectation de terres n\u00e9cessite du temps. Les villes auront donc un r\u00f4le de plus en plus important \u00e0 jouer dans le reboisement et l\u2019augmentation de la s\u00e9questration du carbone dans les espaces verts existants.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Commission europ\u00e9enne a formellement propos\u00e9 de r\u00e9duire de 55 % les \u00e9missions de GES d\u2019ici 2030, un progr\u00e8s substantiel par rapport au pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent objectif [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":33644,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4,91],"tags":[],"hub":[308],"topic":[82],"legislative_initiative":[159,178,182],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Adrian Hiel","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/a-hiel\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/markus-winkler-4fSxGPSLNH4-unsplash-350x233.jpg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/markus-winkler-4fSxGPSLNH4-unsplash.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Adrian 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