{"id":36736,"date":"2021-01-20T12:25:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-20T11:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/"},"modified":"2021-02-04T17:27:20","modified_gmt":"2021-02-04T16:27:20","slug":"3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/","title":{"rendered":"3 conseils pour recharger votre v\u00e9hicule \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt en ville"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u2019\u00e9lectrification des transports est en marche, comme en t\u00e9moigne\u00a0le nombre record de ventes de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques enregistr\u00e9 en Europe en 2020<\/a>. Un plus grand nombre d\u2019infrastructures de recharge est d\u00e9sormais n\u00e9cessaire si nous voulons maintenir le cap. Julia Hildermeier, experte en transport et mobilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique pour le Regulatory Assistance Project, a quelques conseils pour les villes qui souhaitent installer des telles infrastructures, publiques ou priv\u00e9es, le plus rapidement et \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recharger malin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Julia Hildermeier, experte en transport et mobilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique pour le RAP <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLe premier conseil consiste \u00e0 n\u2019installer que des points de charge capables de suivre et mesurer la fourniture d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 et d\u2019informer quand l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 est la plus verte et la moins ch\u00e8re. Pour \u00e9conomiser de l\u2019argent, un client priv\u00e9 \u2013 ou un client commercial comme un supermarch\u00e9 ou le gestionnaire d\u2019une flotte de v\u00e9hicules de transport, par exemple – voudra savoir lorsque les prix sont au plus bas, afin d\u2019optimiser le co\u00fbt des recharges\u00a0\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce qu\u2019il faut comprendre ici, c\u2019est que l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 la moins ch\u00e8re est souvent la plus verte. En effet, lorsque la production d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 d\u2019origine solaire et \u00e9olienne est au plus haut, les prix sur le march\u00e9 de gros de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 tendent \u00e0 baisser, et ce d\u2019autant plus que ce pic de production co\u00efncide avec une p\u00e9riode de faible demande. Et m\u00eame si les fournisseurs d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ne proposent pas actuellement des tarifs suffisamment flexibles pour suivre les fluctuations des cours sur le march\u00e9 de gros, le principe de tarification variable est actuellement mis en \u0153uvre \u00a0dans le cadre du train de mesures \u00ab\u00a0Une \u00e9nergie propre pour tous les Europ\u00e9ens\u00a0\u00bb, et ce type de tarif devrait se g\u00e9n\u00e9raliser \u00e0 l\u2019avenir.\u00a0Pour en savoir plus sur la tarification variable ou \u00ab\u00a0intelligente\u00a0\u00bb, cliquez ici.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Ce document de 186 pages de la Commission europ\u00e9enne est le document le plus complet disponible \u00e0 ce jour sur le d\u00e9ploiement de points de charge pour v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques en ville <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Il en va de m\u00eame pour les recharges faites sur le r\u00e9seau\u00a0: une information sur les moments de la journ\u00e9e o\u00f9 la consommation d\u2019\u00e9nergie est la moins ch\u00e8re et exerce une pression minimale sur le r\u00e9seau est n\u00e9cessaire. Cela inciterait les clients \u00e0 recharger leur voiture particuli\u00e8re, par exemple, ou leur flotte de bus la nuit, lorsque la puissance disponible est la plus grande. Une \u00e9troite coop\u00e9ration avec le r\u00e9gulateur national et l\u2019op\u00e9rateur du r\u00e9seau local, gage de tarifs transparents, est n\u00e9cessaire pour maintenir les prix le plus bas possible. Des tarifs d\u2019acc\u00e8s au r\u00e9seau modulables en fonction des horaires permettraient \u00e9galement de limiter la pression sur le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Planifier intelligemment <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAfin de ma\u00eetriser les co\u00fbts, il est essentiel d\u2019installer les hubs de recharge l\u00e0 o\u00f9 il y a des capacit\u00e9s disponibles sur le r\u00e9seau. Ces infrastructures doivent bien s\u00fbr \u00eatre plac\u00e9es au plus proche des usagers, mais il est \u00e9galement important que les am\u00e9nageurs tiennent compte de ce que le r\u00e9seau peut d\u00e9j\u00e0 offrir. Promoteurs, consommateurs et collectivit\u00e9s locales \u00e9conomiseront ainsi beaucoup de temps et d\u2019argent. En effet, savoir qu\u2019il est possible de se raccorder directement sur le r\u00e9seau existant \u00e0 quelques centaines m\u00e8tres \u00e9vitera aux promoteurs, ou \u00e0 la collectivit\u00e9 si celle-ci participe au financement de ces hubs, des co\u00fbts suppl\u00e9mentaires li\u00e9s \u00e0 la construction de nouveaux raccordements ou au creusement de tranch\u00e9es pour la pose de c\u00e2bles souterrains. Et une bonne connaissance des capacit\u00e9s disponibles sur le r\u00e9seau ne peut qu\u2019aider les promoteurs et les collectivit\u00e9s locales \u00e0 planifier plus intelligemment. Pour limiter le co\u00fbt de ces infrastructures, une collaboration \u00e9troite avec l\u2019op\u00e9rateur du r\u00e9seau local est indispensable.\u00a0 C’est l\u00e0 que nous avons besoin de plus de transparence et de coop\u00e9ration au niveau local\u00a0\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La plupart des gestionnaires de r\u00e9seau de distribution (GRD) pr\u00e9voient les futurs am\u00e9nagements et investissements sur le r\u00e9seau 10 \u00e0 20 ans \u00e0 l\u2019avance. A contrario, le service mobilit\u00e9 d\u2019une ville ne planifie les flux de circulation que sur les dix prochaines ann\u00e9es. Quant aux promoteurs immobiliers ou exploitants de stations de recharge, c\u2019est sur un temps encore plus court qu\u2019ils d\u00e9veloppent de telles infrastructures. Pour que ces diff\u00e9rents plans puissent s\u2019articuler, il est essentiel que les parties prenantes les \u00e9laborent\u00a0 \u00a0ensemble, en toute transparence. Il existe d\u00e9j\u00e0 des projets prometteurs dans ce domaine\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c<\/em>UK Power Networks<\/em><\/a>, par exemple, a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une carte de donn\u00e9es ouverte affichant la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019h\u00e9bergement du r\u00e9seau. En d\u2019autres termes, une carte qui indique la puissance de charge pouvant \u00eatre install\u00e9e aupr\u00e8s de tel ou tel transformateur local. Ainsi, la carte vous indiquera que 50 kW peuvent \u00eatre h\u00e9berg\u00e9s ici, ou que vous pouvez offrir 100 kW l\u00e0, mais pas 150. Faire concorder puissance disponible et besoins en (stationnement et) recharge est une aide pr\u00e9cieuse pour les villes, car cela permet de cr\u00e9er un syst\u00e8me de recharge optimal qui r\u00e9pond \u00e0 la fois aux besoins de mobilit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de recharger son v\u00e9hicule et identifie rapidement les emplacements qui offrent le meilleur rapport co\u00fbt\/efficacit\u00e9<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des solutions pour les v\u00e9hicules qui roulent beaucoup (ou qui ont de grosses batteries)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLe troisi\u00e8me conseil pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la mise en place d\u2019infrastructures de e-mobilit\u00e9 au moindre co\u00fbt est de se concentrer sur les solutions de recharge pour les v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques qui roulent beaucoup comme ceux utilis\u00e9s comme taxis ou pour la location de v\u00e9hicules priv\u00e9s, pour le transport de marchandises ou encore les transports publics, car ce sont ceux qui g\u00e9n\u00e8rent le plus de pollution et de trafic.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est l\u00e0 que les villes peuvent contribuer \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9seau de charge de base \u00bb\u00e0 partir duquel pourra se d\u00e9velopper un march\u00e9 commercial, qui leur permettra, \u00e0 moyen terme, de progressivement r\u00e9duire les subventions accord\u00e9es au secteur. Pour les villes, cela passe \u00e9galement par l\u2019\u00e9lectrification des flottes de v\u00e9hicules et de transport en commun, comme les bus et <\/em>les v\u00e9hicules utilis\u00e9s pour la livraison de marchandises en ville<\/em><\/a>. Tout le monde est gagnant lorsque les v\u00e9hicules utilis\u00e9s pour le transport de passagers ou de marchandises la journ\u00e9e sont mis \u00e0 recharger la nuit, lorsque l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 est la moins ch\u00e8re, en un point qui n\u2019a pas suppos\u00e9 la construction de capacit\u00e9s suppl\u00e9mentaires. Quant aux gestionnaires de parcs de v\u00e9hicules, ils peuvent optimiser leurs co\u00fbts de recharge en \u00e9tudiant les options disponibles, en limitant les pics de consommation, forts co\u00fbteux, li\u00e9s \u00e0 la mise en charge simultan\u00e9e de tous leurs v\u00e9hicules, et en d\u00e9veloppant des solutions de gestion de la charge\u201d .<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’exemple de Hambourg<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hambourg souhaite \u00e9lectrifier l\u2019ensemble de son parc de bus, ce qui n\u00e9cessite d\u2019\u00e9quiper 10 d\u00e9p\u00f4ts en bornes de recharge de 150\u00a0kW raccord\u00e9es au r\u00e9seau d\u2019ici 2025. Les planificateurs avaient initialement pr\u00e9vu de connecter les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de bus au r\u00e9seau haute tension. Mais en \u00e9tudiant les options de charge intelligente (et donc en \u00e9tudiant la gestion de charge) ils se sont aper\u00e7us que la charge de pointe pour chaque d\u00e9p\u00f4t pouvait \u00eatre divis\u00e9e par deux. Ils sont alors partis du principe que presque tous les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts pouvaient \u00eatre raccord\u00e9s au r\u00e9seau moyenne tension (regardez cette vid\u00e9o \u00e0 partir de 2:19:00 pour<\/a> en savoir plus). L\u2019\u00e9conomie ainsi r\u00e9alis\u00e9e se chiffre en plusieurs millions d\u2019euros et s\u2019explique par le moindre co\u00fbt du raccordement au r\u00e9seau moyenne tension et par les frais que n\u2019auront pas \u00e0 supporter les usagers du r\u00e9seau local pour la construction d\u2019une extension de r\u00e9seau parfaitement inutile.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019\u00e9lectrification des transports est en marche, comme en t\u00e9moigne\u00a0le nombre record de ventes de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques enregistr\u00e9 en Europe en 2020. Un plus grand nombre [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":36444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"hub":[308],"topic":[110,111],"legislative_initiative":[],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Adrian Hiel","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/a-hiel\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/chuttersnap-xJLsHl0hIik-unsplash.jpg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/chuttersnap-xJLsHl0hIik-unsplash.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Adrian Hiel","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/a-hiel\/"},"yoast_head":"\n3 conseils pour recharger votre v\u00e9hicule \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt en ville - Energy Cities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"3 conseils pour recharger votre v\u00e9hicule \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt en ville - Energy Cities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019\u00e9lectrification des transports est en marche, comme en t\u00e9moigne\u00a0le nombre record de ventes de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques enregistr\u00e9 en Europe en 2020. Un plus grand nombre [\u2026]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Energy Cities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/energycities.eu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-20T11:25:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-02-04T16:27:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/chuttersnap-xJLsHl0hIik-unsplash.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"6048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"4024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@b.karas\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@energycities\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Adrian Hiel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Energy Cities\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/energycities.eu\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UChIHn2wF76JzuTbAjSMs0hQ\",\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Energy_Cities\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/energycities\"],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/energy-cities-couleur.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/energy-cities-couleur.jpg\",\"width\":3508,\"height\":2587,\"caption\":\"Energy Cities\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Energy Cities\",\"description\":\" The European learning community for future-proof cities\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/chuttersnap-xJLsHl0hIik-unsplash.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/chuttersnap-xJLsHl0hIik-unsplash.jpg\",\"width\":6048,\"height\":4024},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/3-steps-for-ev-charging-in-your-city-for-the-lowest-possible-cost\/\",\"name\":\"3 conseils pour recharger votre v\u00e9hicule \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt en ville - 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