{"id":40981,"date":"2021-07-17T08:34:21","date_gmt":"2021-07-17T06:34:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/?p=40981"},"modified":"2021-07-22T08:44:18","modified_gmt":"2021-07-22T06:44:18","slug":"le-paquet-europeen-ajustement-a-lobjectif-55-donne-plus-de-poids-au-niveau-local-mais-ne-parvient-pas-a-engager-un-changement-systemique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/le-paquet-europeen-ajustement-a-lobjectif-55-donne-plus-de-poids-au-niveau-local-mais-ne-parvient-pas-a-engager-un-changement-systemique\/","title":{"rendered":"Le paquet europ\u00e9en \u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif 55 \u00bb donne plus de poids au niveau local mais ne parvient pas \u00e0 engager un changement syst\u00e9mique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le 14 juillet dernier, la Commission europ\u00e9enne a publi\u00e9 un \u00e9norme paquet l\u00e9gislatif<\/a> compos\u00e9 de 13 propositions et intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Ajustement\n\u00e0 l\u2019objectif de 55 % \u00bb. Comme son nom l\u2019indique, il s\u2019agit d’aligner les\npolitiques climatiques et \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques actuelles sur le nouvel objectif de\nr\u00e9duction de 55 % des gaz \u00e0 effet de serre d’ici 2030 par rapport aux niveaux\nde 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un r\u00f4le de premier plan pour les collectivit\u00e9s et communaut\u00e9s locales <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pour Energy Cities, ce feu d’artifice l\u00e9gislatif constitue plut\u00f4t une bonne nouvelle. En effet, les collectivit\u00e9s locales sont tr\u00e8s largement mises en avant<\/strong> et leur r\u00f4le dans la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique est clairement soulign\u00e9 par la Commission europ\u00e9enne dans l’ensemble du document. Ainsi, la proposition de r\u00e9vision<\/a> de la Directive europ\u00e9enne sur l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique encourage les \u00c9tats membres \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre une obligation de planification locale de la chaleur dans les villes d’au moins 50 000 habitants et \u00e0 apporter aux collectivit\u00e9s locales\u00a0un soutien financier et technique appropri\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le r\u00f4le de l’\u00e9chelon local et le fait que les retomb\u00e9es et le contr\u00f4le des projets doivent \u00eatre plus \u00e9quitablement partag\u00e9s avec\u00a0les citoyens sont \u00e9galement reconnus par l’impulsion donn\u00e9e aux communaut\u00e9s \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques de citoyens<\/strong>, qui figurent en bonne place dans ce paquet l\u00e9gislatif.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pas de solution miracle pour la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e9alablement \u00e0 l’adoption de ce texte, les d\u00e9bats sur des sources\nd’\u00e9nergie controvers\u00e9es, comme l’hydrog\u00e8ne ou la biomasse, ont donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 des\n\u00e9changes muscl\u00e9s, leurs partisans et opposants se livrant \u00e0 une lutte acharn\u00e9e.\nDe tels d\u00e9bats montrent qu’il existe encore une tendance tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue \u00e0 penser\nle syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en termes de solution miracle, un vestige de notre habitude\ns\u00e9culaire \u00e0 d\u00e9pendre de la livraison unilat\u00e9rale d’une seule source d’\u00e9nergie\n(fossile). Ils tendent \u00e9galement \u00e0 occulter le fait qu’il n’y aura pas une seule transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, mais plusieurs, qui\ndevront \u00eatre adapt\u00e9es au contexte et aux opportunit\u00e9s locales<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La transition vers des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques d\u00e9centralis\u00e9s n\u00e9cessite \u00e9galement\nun arsenal de mesures pour aider\nconcr\u00e8tement et efficacement les villes \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre ce changement\nstructurel<\/strong>. Comme le montre notre rapport, les villes manquent toutefois de\nmoyens humains, financiers et techniques pour y parvenir. Il faut donc en faire\nplus au niveau europ\u00e9en, national et r\u00e9gional pour combler ce manque de\nressources, notamment au travers de programmes tels que EU City Facility (voir notre guide<\/a> sur le sujet) ou LIFE (voir notre avis sur le financement environnemental de l\u2019UE : cinq\n\u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s pour provoquer un changement syst\u00e9mique vers la neutralit\u00e9\nclimatique<\/a>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour la suite, nous sommes impatients de voir comment les nouvelles orientations\ndu cadre financier pluriannuel et du semestre europ\u00e9en contribueront \u00e0 ce\nchangement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9forme du syst\u00e8me de tarification du carbone<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Les villes sont les mieux plac\u00e9es pour initier une transition juste car ce\nsont elles qui connaissent le mieux les citoyens et les besoins des populations\nvuln\u00e9rables. Le paquet \u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif de 55 % \u00bb instaure\nun \u00ab fonds social pour le climat<\/a> \u00bb destin\u00e9 \u00e0 pallier les cons\u00e9quences de la\ncr\u00e9ation d’un nouveau syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9change de quotas\nd\u2019\u00e9mission<\/a> pour les\nb\u00e2timents et le transport routier, distinct du syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9change de quotas\nd\u2019\u00e9mission de l\u2019Union (SEQE) qui existe d\u00e9j\u00e0. Afin d’utiliser au mieux ces\nressources au niveau local, les villes doivent\n\u00eatre impliqu\u00e9es dans la conception des projets et des plans nationaux<\/strong> qui\nseront aliment\u00e9s par ce nouveau fonds.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si la cr\u00e9ation de ce fonds social pour le climat est une initiative bienvenue, force est de reconna\u00eetre que les forces du march\u00e9 se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00eatre un alli\u00e9 bien peu fiable pour r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes climatiques, sans parler des probl\u00e8mes sociaux<\/strong>. Ce dont nous avons besoin, c’est d\u2019un changement syst\u00e9mique de notre mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique, qui tire le meilleur parti de nos ressources locales sans cr\u00e9er de d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres sociaux ou plan\u00e9taires (voir notre nouveau Programme pour une d\u00e9cennie de transformation<\/a>). <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le 14 juillet dernier, la Commission europ\u00e9enne a publi\u00e9 un \u00e9norme paquet l\u00e9gislatif compos\u00e9 de 13 propositions et intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif de 55 % \u00bb. [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":40858,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4,91],"tags":[],"hub":[310],"topic":[110],"legislative_initiative":[178],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"M\u00e9lanie Bourgeois","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/m-bourgeois\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carl-campbell-bMd0hMm0lzY-unsplash-350x197.jpg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/carl-campbell-bMd0hMm0lzY-unsplash.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"M\u00e9lanie Bourgeois","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/m-bourgeois\/"},"yoast_head":"\nLe paquet europ\u00e9en \u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif 55 \u00bb donne plus de poids au niveau local mais ne parvient pas \u00e0 engager un changement syst\u00e9mique - Energy Cities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/le-paquet-europeen-ajustement-a-lobjectif-55-donne-plus-de-poids-au-niveau-local-mais-ne-parvient-pas-a-engager-un-changement-systemique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le paquet europ\u00e9en \u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif 55 \u00bb donne plus de poids au niveau local mais ne parvient pas \u00e0 engager un changement syst\u00e9mique - Energy Cities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 14 juillet dernier, la Commission europ\u00e9enne a publi\u00e9 un \u00e9norme paquet l\u00e9gislatif compos\u00e9 de 13 propositions et intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif de 55 % \u00bb. 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