{"id":45709,"date":"2022-01-24T08:35:49","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T07:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/?p=45709"},"modified":"2022-07-04T10:00:40","modified_gmt":"2022-07-04T08:00:40","slug":"comment-tirer-au-mieux-parti-des-systemes-energetiques-bases-sur-les-energies-renouvelables-locales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/comment-tirer-au-mieux-parti-des-systemes-energetiques-bases-sur-les-energies-renouvelables-locales\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment tirer au mieux parti des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques bas\u00e9s sur les \u00e9nergies renouvelables locales ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

En tant que professionnelle du climat, j\u2019ai tendance \u00e0 ne pas \u00e9voquer les sujets li\u00e9s \u00e0 mon travail dans la sph\u00e8re priv\u00e9e et en parle en fait assez peu avec ma famille ou avec mes ami\u00b7e\u00b7s. Mais ces derniers mois, le prix de l\u2019\u00e9nergie ainsi que la sortie (toujours) possible du nucl\u00e9aire ont largement aliment\u00e9 les discussions \u00e0 Bruxelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il n\u2019est donc pas rare que dans les soir\u00e9es, du fait de mon \u00e9tiquette \u00ab \u00e9colo \u00bb, on vienne me voir pour me poser l\u2019in\u00e9vitable question : \u00ab  d\u2019accord mais qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019on fait si on renonce au nucl\u00e9aire ? Manifestement pour vous le gaz ne vaut gu\u00e8re mieux. Alors c\u2019est quoi votre solution ? \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je suis frapp\u00e9e de voir \u00e0 quel point nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 habitu\u00e9\u00b7e\u00b7s \u00e0 penser en termes simplistes, avec des solutions toutes faites, comme s\u2019il suffisait de remplacer une source d\u2019\u00e9nergie par une autre, d\u2019un simple claquement de doigt. C\u2019est le m\u00eame raisonnement \u00e9triqu\u00e9 qui conduit \u00e0 penser que l\u2019intermittence des \u00e9nergies renouvelables ne peut \u00eatre r\u00e9solue qu\u2019en utilisant les \u00e9nergies fossiles comme \u00e9nergies d\u2019appoint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Face aux pressions exerc\u00e9es \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne en faveur de solutions centralis\u00e9es (comme le nucl\u00e9aire \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle en France ou l’hydrog\u00e8ne ailleurs en Europe), il est tr\u00e8s important de montrer que les r\u00e9ponses sont beaucoup plus complexes et contextuelles que ce que les lobbies voudraient nous faire croire. <\/strong>Au lieu de nous concentrer sur des technologies futuristes et non \u00e9prouv\u00e9es, nous devrions commencer par exploiter ce qui est d\u00e9j\u00e0 disponible localement, en ayant \u00e0 l\u2019esprit que les solutions diff\u00e9reront d\u2019une ville \u00e0 l\u2019autre, voire d\u2019un quartier \u00e0 l\u2019autre.<\/a> En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, il nous faut d\u2019abord cueillir les fruits qui sont \u00e0 port\u00e9e de notre main.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est ce que Energy Cities et REScoop.eu proposent de faire dans notre prise de position commune<\/a> en introduisant une obligation de cartographie et de planification des sources d\u2019\u00e9nergies renouvelables locales<\/strong> \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la r\u00e9vision de la Directive sur les \u00e9nergies renouvelables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De plus en plus de collectivit\u00e9s locales d\u00e9veloppent des outils sophistiqu\u00e9s afin de cartographier leur potentiel local en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9nergies renouvelables. Mais il s\u2019agit souvent de d\u00e9marches volontaires d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es uniquement \u00e0 des fins ou pour des sources d’\u00e9nergie sp\u00e9cifiques, \u00e0 l\u2019instar des cartes de chaleur ou des atlas solaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En mati\u00e8re de planification, certains pays de l’UE imposent aux villes d’adopter des plans \u00e9nergie et climat \u00e0 partir d\u2019un certain seuil de population, mais bien souvent, il s’agit davantage d’un outil de d\u00e9carbonisation que d’un moyen d’identifier ou de cr\u00e9er de nouvelles cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement et de valeur \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques. Ce que nous proposons \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la r\u00e9vision de la directive, c’est que la cartographie et la planification des \u00e9nergies renouvelables deviennent une obligation pour certaines collectivit\u00e9s territoriales et re\u00e7oivent un soutien ad\u00e9quat de la part des \u00c9tats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nous constatons d\u00e9j\u00e0 une tendance dans certaines des l\u00e9gislations propos\u00e9es dans le cadre de l\u2019\u00ab Ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif 55 \u00bb \u00e0 rendre la planification locale obligatoire dans certains domaines. Ainsi, la nouvelle version de l\u2019article 23 de la Directive relative \u00e0 l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique stipule que les villes de plus de 50 000 habitants doivent \u00e9laborer des plans en mati\u00e8re de chauffage et que les \u00c9tats membres doivent les soutenir dans ce processus \u00ab dans toute la mesure du possible \u00bb. Dans le cadre du paquet \u00ab mobilit\u00e9 \u00bb r\u00e9cemment propos\u00e9, la Commission souhaite \u00e9galement rendre obligatoire l’adoption de plans de mobilit\u00e9 urbaine durable par les villes \u00e0 partir d\u2019une certaine taille.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019 \u00ab ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019objectif 55 \u00bb, mais \u00e9galement le d\u00e9veloppement et l\u2019inclusion sociale, imposent en effet que la Directive sur les \u00e9nergies renouvelables s\u2019inscrive dans cette tendance, o\u00f9 obligation va de pair avec soutien national de grande ampleur.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En tant que professionnelle du climat, j\u2019ai tendance \u00e0 ne pas \u00e9voquer les sujets li\u00e9s \u00e0 mon travail dans la sph\u00e8re priv\u00e9e et en parle [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":45662,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4,91],"tags":[],"hub":[306],"topic":[108,110,394],"legislative_initiative":[182],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Alix Bolle","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/a-bolle\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/heatmap-belgium-350x188.png","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/heatmap-belgium.png","author_info":{"display_name":"Alix 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