{"id":58715,"date":"2022-12-15T11:25:14","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T10:25:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/?p=58715"},"modified":"2022-12-20T10:04:48","modified_gmt":"2022-12-20T09:04:48","slug":"pourquoi-est-ce-si-difficile-de-dire-au-revoir-au-gaz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/pourquoi-est-ce-si-difficile-de-dire-au-revoir-au-gaz\/","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi est-ce si difficile de dire au revoir (au gaz) ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Apr\u00e8s un automne anormalement chaud, l’hiver est enfin l\u00e0, et avec lui la redoutable question : pourrons-nous nous chauffer cette ann\u00e9e ? Et l’hiver prochain ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n


L’Union europ\u00e9enne tente de faire face \u00e0 une (\u00e9ni\u00e8me) crise en diversifiant son approvisionnement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et en explorant de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies, mais elle n’a toujours pas avanc\u00e9 l’id\u00e9e de se d\u00e9barrasser compl\u00e8tement du gaz (et des combustibles fossiles en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral). Pourtant, la d\u00e9carbonation de nos syst\u00e8mes de chauffage aurait pour effet d’accro\u00eetre \u00e0 la fois notre s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et notre bien-\u00eatre !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La strat\u00e9gie de l’UE pour sortir du gaz : tout doit changer si nous voulons que tout reste en l’\u00e9tat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le paquet gaz de la Commission europ\u00e9enne visait initialement \u00e0 \u00e9tablir la base l\u00e9gislative permettant de d\u00e9carboner les march\u00e9s du gaz et d’\u00e9tablir un march\u00e9 (comp\u00e9titif) de l’hydrog\u00e8ne. Quelques am\u00e9liorations pourraient y \u00eatre apport\u00e9es<\/a>, mais avec la crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique actuelle, il est peut-\u00eatre d\u00e9j\u00e0 obsol\u00e8te avant m\u00eame d’avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 vot\u00e9 ! En effet, la Commission a revu ses ambitions \u00e0 la baisse, mettant d\u00e9sormais l’accent sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de faire des \u00e9conomies de gaz pour un hiver s\u00fbr<\/a>, avec un plan visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la demande de gaz de 15 % d’ici le printemps 2023\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le passage des combustibles fossiles aux gaz renouvelables dans les syst\u00e8mes de chauffage est souvent pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme une solution (et un processus) simple : les villes n’auraient qu’\u00e0 \u00e9changer le gaz naturel contre des gaz verts (comme l’hydrog\u00e8ne). Mais, d’une part, passer aux gaz verts pour chauffer nos logements n\u00e9cessiterait de changer l’infrastructure existante, et d’autre part, ce serait totalement contre-productif car, d’apr\u00e8s les expert\u2027e\u2027s de Decarb City Pipes 2050<\/a> par exemple, si nous voulons utiliser les gaz verts de mani\u00e8re judicieuse, nous devons les exclure des usages tels que le chauffage et la cuisine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tout ce que vous devez savoir sur le r\u00f4le de l’hydrog\u00e8ne dans les villes se trouve dans cette publication<\/mark><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qui paiera la facture de la sortie ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nous devons mettre en place une strat\u00e9gie europ\u00e9enne globale en mati\u00e8re de gaz verts afin de donner la priorit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’utilisation des gaz verts dans certains secteurs sp\u00e9cifiques uniquement, et de planifier de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9aliste la production nationale (et les importations en provenance de pays tiers). Plus important encore, nous avons besoin d’une planification int\u00e9gr\u00e9e claire \u00e0 long terme : les investissements que nous faisons aujourd’hui auront encore un impact dans 20 ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9couvrez notre papier pour en finir avec les mythes sur l\u2019utilisation du gaz et des \u00e9nergies renouvelables pour le chauffage<\/mark><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En outre, si nous voulons r\u00e9aliser une transition planifi\u00e9e et rentable, nous ne pouvons pas laisser les consommateur\u2027rice\u2027s choisir librement leur \u00e9nergie de chauffage. Nous devrions mettre en place un cadre clair au niveau europ\u00e9en afin d’\u00e9tablir des plans pour les zones de d\u00e9classement des r\u00e9seaux de gaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enfin, se pose la question de qui paiera la facture de la sortie (du gaz). Les r\u00e9seaux de gaz sont financ\u00e9s proportionnellement au gaz qu’ils transportent : avec moins de gaz circulant dans les tuyaux, les co\u00fbts de distribution (pour les consommateur\u2027rice\u2027s de gaz restants) vont augmenter. Comment faire face \u00e0 cette question ? Faut-il envisager la possibilit\u00e9 de mettre hors service certaines parties des r\u00e9seaux gaziers ? Les gouvernements nationaux peuvent-ils supporter au moins une partie de ces augmentations de co\u00fbts ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apprenez-en plus sur l\u2019importance des donn\u00e9es et de la planification thermique pour d\u00e9carboner les syst\u00e8mes de chaleur des villes<\/mark><\/mark><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Grenoble par exemple, avec la diminution de la consommation de gaz, les prix de distribution du gaz ont augment\u00e9 de 40%. Afin de r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts du r\u00e9seau, la M\u00e9tropole et la compagnie de distribution ont lanc\u00e9 une exp\u00e9rience visant \u00e0 fermer les sections de conduite qui fournissent de faibles quantit\u00e9s de gaz. Cependant, pour maintenir des co\u00fbts de distribution raisonnables tout en r\u00e9duisant la consommation d’\u00e9nergie dans les b\u00e2timents, les villes auront besoin de plans d’adaptation du r\u00e9seau de gaz plus ambitieux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce sujet vous int\u00e9resse ? Rejoignez notre Hub pour des Villes et b\u00e2timents sans \u00e9nergies fossiles<\/a> pour \u00eatre au courant des d\u00e9veloppements europ\u00e9ens sur la d\u00e9carbonation des b\u00e2timents et des syst\u00e8mes des chaleur et de refroidissement !<\/mark><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La d\u00e9carbonation de nos syst\u00e8mes de chauffage permettrait d’accro\u00eetre \u00e0 la fois notre s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et notre bien-\u00eatre, mais l’UE n’est toujours pas pr\u00eate \u00e0 se d\u00e9barrasser du gaz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":58681,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"hub":[308],"topic":[22,112,350],"legislative_initiative":[],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Marie 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