{"id":90264,"date":"2025-09-19T11:00:49","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T09:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/?p=90264"},"modified":"2025-09-19T11:02:45","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T09:02:45","slug":"comment-les-villes-europeennes-menent-la-transition-vers-un-chauffage-decarbone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/comment-les-villes-europeennes-menent-la-transition-vers-un-chauffage-decarbone\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment les villes europ\u00e9ennes m\u00e8nent la transition vers des syst\u00e8mes de chauffage et de refroidissement d\u00e9carbon\u00e9s\ufffc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le chauffage et la climatisation repr\u00e9sentent pr\u00e8s de 50\u202f% de la consommation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique totale de l\u2019UE, dont une grande partie d\u00e9pend encore des combustibles fossiles. Pour r\u00e9duire cette d\u00e9pendance, la Directive r\u00e9vis\u00e9e sur l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique (DEE) fixe des objectifs contraignants : les \u00c9tats membres doivent r\u00e9duire leur consommation finale d\u2019\u00e9nergie d\u2019au moins 11,7\u202f% d\u2019ici 2030 par rapport aux projections de 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suivre les progr\u00e8s des strat\u00e9gies de chauffage et de refroidissement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Lanc\u00e9 il y a deux ans, notre EU Tracker<\/a> offre une vue d\u2019ensemble compl\u00e8te des plans locaux de chauffage et de refroidissement dans tous les pays de l\u2019UE. Il suit la mani\u00e8re dont les \u00c9tats membres avancent dans la transposition de la Directive r\u00e9vis\u00e9e sur l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique (DEE) dans leurs cadres nationaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si les progr\u00e8s nationaux d\u00e9finissent le cadre, l\u2019impact r\u00e9el se mesure au niveau local. Les municipalit\u00e9s jouent un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans l\u2019atteinte des objectifs \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques europ\u00e9ens, notamment \u00e0 travers la planification strat\u00e9gique du chauffage et de la climatisation, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des b\u00e2timents et la promotion de l\u2019utilisation de la chaleur fatale et des \u00e9nergies renouvelables dans les r\u00e9seaux de chaleur urbains. Ces efforts locaux sont essentiels pour abandonner progressivement les combustibles fossiles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Innovantes et audacieuses, les villes avancent<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Une nouvelle fonctionnalit\u00e9 est d\u00e9sormais disponible dans l\u2019EU Tracker\u202f: \u00ab\u202fCity Case Studies\u202f\u00bb<\/strong>. Ce filtre vous permet d\u2019explorer la carte et de d\u00e9couvrir les initiatives des villes pionni\u00e8res qui travaillent d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 la d\u00e9carbonation de leurs syst\u00e8mes de chauffage et de climatisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prenons Salaspils, en Lettonie<\/strong>. Dans une r\u00e9gion o\u00f9 les temp\u00e9ratures hivernales descendent souvent en dessous de -15\u202f\u00b0C, le chauffage est un besoin vital. Pour r\u00e9duire sa d\u00e9pendance aux combustibles fossiles, la ville a transform\u00e9 son r\u00e9seau de chauffage urbain, passant du gaz naturel et de la biomasse \u00e0 un mix plus propre incluant l\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire thermique et, prochainement, des pompes \u00e0 chaleur utilisant la chaleur fatale des centres de donn\u00e9es. Depuis 2018, Salaspils a r\u00e9duit de 88\u202f% ses \u00e9missions li\u00e9es au chauffage et a augment\u00e9 sa part d\u2019\u00e9nergie renouvelable de 56\u202f% \u00e0 94\u202f% en seulement six ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans le sud de l\u2019Europe, Guimar\u00e3es, au Portugal<\/strong>, vise la neutralit\u00e9 climatique d\u2019ici 2030. La strat\u00e9gie de d\u00e9carbonation de la ville comprend le d\u00e9ploiement de pompes \u00e0 chaleur \u00e9lectriques, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des b\u00e2timents publics et la cr\u00e9ation de communaut\u00e9s \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques aliment\u00e9es par des \u00e9nergies renouvelables. Avec une exp\u00e9rience dans les \u00e9nergies renouvelables depuis 1912, Guimar\u00e3es ma\u00eetrise ces technologies. Ces efforts permettent non seulement de r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions, mais aussi d\u2019am\u00e9liorer l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pour les habitants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La ville de Budapest, en Hongrie<\/strong>, comme la plupart des pays d\u2019Europe de l\u2019Est, dispose depuis longtemps de r\u00e9seaux de chauffage urbain. Cependant, ces r\u00e9seaux sont principalement aliment\u00e9s par des sources fossiles, et les op\u00e9rateurs manquent d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 et de transparence. Le chauffage urbain seul n\u2019est donc pas une solution parfaite. C\u2019est pourquoi Budapest passe partiellement \u00e0 un chauffage urbain vert et am\u00e9liore son efficacit\u00e9 en se concentrant sur deux ressources cl\u00e9s\u202f: la g\u00e9othermie et la chaleur fatale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Voici trois exemples inspirants parmi tant d\u2019autres. D\u00e9couvrez de nombreuses autres histoires de villes sur notre EU Tracker\u202f!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Explorez d\u00e8s maintenant notre EU Tracker<\/a> pour voir comment les autorit\u00e9s locales font progresser la planification du chauffage et de la climatisation, avec des exemples concrets de technologies sans combustibles fossiles, telles que les r\u00e9seaux de chaleur urbains, les pompes \u00e0 chaleur, la g\u00e9othermie et l\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire thermique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Restez connect\u00e9 : en octobre, l\u2019EU Tracker sera mis \u00e0 jour, refl\u00e9tant les derni\u00e8res \u00e9tapes de la transposition de la DEE et montrant comment les gouvernements nationaux et locaux intensifient leurs actions.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le chauffage et la climatisation repr\u00e9sentent pr\u00e8s de 50\u202f% de la consommation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique totale de l\u2019UE, dont une grande partie d\u00e9pend encore des combustibles fossiles. [\u2026]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":69,"featured_media":89613,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"hub":[308],"topic":[22,101,112,332,350],"legislative_initiative":[],"document_type":[],"acf":[],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Eva Lopes","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/e-lopes\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AdobeStock_1254555670-350x197.jpeg","featured_image_src":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AdobeStock_1254555670-scaled.jpeg","author_info":{"display_name":"Eva Lopes","author_link":"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/staff\/e-lopes\/"},"yoast_head":"\nComment les villes europ\u00e9ennes m\u00e8nent la transition vers des syst\u00e8mes de chauffage et de refroidissement d\u00e9carbon\u00e9s\ufffc - Energy Cities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energy-cities.eu\/fr\/comment-les-villes-europeennes-menent-la-transition-vers-un-chauffage-decarbone\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comment les villes europ\u00e9ennes m\u00e8nent la transition vers des syst\u00e8mes de chauffage et de refroidissement d\u00e9carbon\u00e9s\ufffc - Energy Cities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le chauffage et la climatisation repr\u00e9sentent pr\u00e8s de 50\u202f% de la consommation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique totale de l\u2019UE, dont une grande partie d\u00e9pend encore des combustibles fossiles. 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